1. Te whakarōpūtanga o ngā puranga utu
E ai ki ngā tikanga tuku hiko rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā puranga utu AC me ngā puranga utu DC.
Ngā puranga utu AChe iti te iahiko, he iti te tinana puranga, ā, he ngāwari te tāutanga;
TePuranga utu DChe iahiko nui te nuinga, he kaha utu nui ake i roto i te wā poto, he puranga nui ake, ā, he nui te wāhi e nohoia ana (marara wera).
E ai ki ngā tikanga tāutanga rerekē, ka wehea te nuinga ki ngā puranga utu poutū me ngā puranga utu e mau ana ki te pakitara.
Tepuranga utu poutūkāore e hiahiatia kia piri ki te pakitara, ā, he pai mō ngā wāhi waka o waho me ngā wāhi waka noho;Ngā teihana utu e mau ana ki te pakitara, i tētahi atu ringa, me whakamau ki te pakitara, ā, he pai mō ngā wāhi waka o roto, o raro whenua hoki.
E ai ki ngā āhuatanga tāutanga rerekē, ka wehea te nuinga ki ngā puranga utu tūmatanui me ngā puranga utu whakamahi-ake.
Ngā teihana utu tūmatanuikei te hangaia ngā pou utu i roto i ngā papa waka tūmatanui me ngā wāhi waka hei whakaratongā ratonga utu tūmatanuimō ngā waka pāpori.
Ngā puranga utu e whakamahia ana e koekei te hangaia ngā pou utu ki roto i ngā wāhi waka whaiaro hei whakarato utu mā ngā kaiwhakamahi tūmataiti.Ngā rihi waka hikoka honoa whānuitia ki te hanganga o ngā wāhi waka i ngā papa waka. Kaua te taumata tiaki o te puranga utu e tāutahia ana ki waho e iti iho i te IP54.
E ai ki ngā atanga utu rerekē, ka wehea te nuinga ki te puranga kotahi, ki te utu kotahi, me te puranga kotahi o ngā utu maha.
Kotahi te puranga me te kotahi te utunga e tohu ana i terihi hikokotahi anake te atanga utu. I tēnei wā, ko ngā puranga utu kei te mākete he puranga kotahi me te utu kotahi te nuinga.
Ko te puranga o ngā utu maha, arā, ngā utu rōpū, e pā ana ki tētahipuranga utume ngā atanga utu maha. I roto i tētahi papa waka nui pērā i te papa waka pahi, he rōpūteihana utu hikoe hiahiatia ana hei tautoko i te utunga o ngā waka hiko maha i te wā kotahi, e kore e tere ake ai te whai huatanga o te utunga, engari ka penapena hoki i ngā utu mahi.
2. te tikanga utu o te puranga utu
Te utu puhoi
Ko te utu puhoi he tikanga utu e whakamahia whānuitia ana, mō tepuranga utu waka hiko pūngao hou, e hono ana ki te rihi i runga i te papa, ko te nuinga o te mahi ko te huri i te au hiko iti-mana ki te au hiko tika, arā, ko te huringa AC-DC, ko te mana utu he 3kW, 7kW rānei, ko te take he DC anake ka taea te utu i te pākahiko mana. Hei tāpiri, ko te atanga utu puhoi o tepuranga utu waka hiko pūngao houe whitu ngā kōhao i te nuinga o te wā.
Te utu tere
Ko te utu tere te huarahi e pai ana ki te tangata mō te utu, nā te mea, ka penapena wā.Te utu tere DCko te hono i te kaitahuri AC-DC ki te puranga utu o ngā waka hiko pūngao hou, ā, ko te putanga o tepū utu hikoka huri hei iahiko tika mana-teitei. Heoi anō, he nui rawa te iahiko utu o te atanga, he matotoru ake te pūtau pākahiko i te utu puhoi, ā, he nui ake hoki te maha o ngā kōhao i roto i te pūtau. Ko te atanga utu tere o teteihana utu waka hiko pūngao houe 9 ngā kōhao i te nuinga o te wā.
Te utu ahokore
Ko te tikanga, ko te utu ahokore mō ngā waka hiko hou e pā ana ki tete utu mana teiteitikanga e whakakī ana i te pūngao mō ngā pākahiko hiko ngaohiko teitei. He rite ki te utu ahokore mō ngā waea atamai, ka taea e koe te utu i te pākahiko o tō waea mā te whakanoho ki runga i te papa utu ahokore, me te kore e hono i te taura utu. I tēnei wā, ko ngā tikanga hangarau ote utu ahokore o ngā waka hikoE whā ngā momo matua o te whakapūtanga hikohiko, te whakapūtanga aukume, te hononga aukume me ngā ngaru reo irirangi. I taua wā anō, nā te iti o te kaha tuku o te hononga aukume me ngā ngaru reo irirangi, ko te whakapūtanga hikohiko me te whakapūtanga aukume te whakamahi matua i ēnei rā.
Haunga ngā tikanga utu e toru o runga ake nei, ka taea hoki te whakakī anō i ngā waka hiko mā te whakawhiti pākahiko. Heoi, ki te whakaritea ki te utu tere me te utu puhoi, kāore anō kia whānuitia te whakamahi i te hangarau utu ahokore me te whakawhiti pākahiko.
Te wā tuku: Hōngongoi-01-2025
