He uaua ake i tō whakaaro? He aratohu whānui ki ngā paerewa atanga utu ā-ao mō ngā waka hiko hou.

Ko ngā waka pūngao hou e pā ana ki ngā motuka e whakamahi ana i ngā wahie kore-tūturu, i ngā pūtake pūngao rānei hei pūtake hiko, e tohuhia ana e te iti o ngā tukunga me te penapena pūngao. I runga i ngā pūtake hiko matua me ngā tikanga taraiwa rerekē,ngā waka pūngao houkua wehea ki ngā waka hiko parakore, ngā waka hiko ranu mono-mai, ngā waka hiko ranu, ngā waka hiko whānui-awhe, me ngā waka pūtau wahie, ā, i roto i ēnei ko ngā waka hiko parakore te mea tino piki haere te hoko.

Kāore e taea e ngā waka e whakamahi ana i te wahie te mahi me te kore he wahie. Ko ngā teihana penehīni huri noa i te ao e tuku ana i ngā momo penehīni e toru me ngā momo tīhiera e rua, he mea tino māmā, he mea whānui hoki. He uaua te utu i ngā waka hiko hou. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te ngaohiko hiko, te momo atanga, te AC/DC, me ngā take o mua i ngā rohe rerekē kua hua ake ai ngā paerewa atanga utu mō ngā waka hiko hou puta noa i te ao.

Haina

I te 28 o Hakihea, 2015, i tukuna e Haina te paerewa ā-motu GB/T 20234-2015 (Ngā taputapu hono mō te utu hiko o ngā waka hiko), e mōhiotia ana ko te paerewa ā-motu hou, hei whakakapi i te paerewa ā-motu tawhito mai i te tau 2011. E toru ngā wāhanga o tēnei paerewa: Ngā Whakaritenga Whānui GB/T 20234.1-2015, Atanga Utu AC GB/T 20234.2-2015, me te Atanga Utu DC GB/T 20234.3-2015.

Hei tāpiritanga, ko te "Mahere Whakatinanatanga mō teGB/T"mō ngā Atanga Hanganga Utu Waka Hiko" e kī ana, mai i te 1 o Hānuere, 2017, me tutuki ngā hanganga utu hou me ngā waka hiko hou kua hangaia ki te paerewa ā-motu hou. Mai i taua wā, kua whakapūmautia ngā atanga utu waka hiko hou o Haina, ngā hanganga, me ngā taputapu utu.

E whitu ngā kōhao o te atanga utu AC paerewa ā-motu hou. E whakaatu ana te pikitia i te pane pū utu AC, ā, kua tohua ngā kōhao e rite ana. Ko te CC me te CP e whakamahia ana mō te whakaū hononga utu me te arataki whakahaere. Ko N te waea kūpapa, ko L te waea ora, ā, ko te tūranga pokapū he whenua. I roto i ēnei, e toru ngā kōhao ka taea te whakamahi i te waea ora L. Kotahi-wāhanga 220V noa.Ngā teihana utu ACko te tikanga ka whakamahia te hoahoa tuku hiko kotahi-kōhao L1.

E rua ngā taumata ngaohiko e whakamahia ana e te hiko kāinga o Haina: te hiko kotahi-wāhanga 220V~50Hz me te hiko toru-wāhanga 380V~50Hz. Ko ngā iahiko whakatauranga o ngā pū utu kotahi-wāhanga 220V he 10A/16A/32A, e rite ana ki ngā putanga mana o te 2.2kW/3.5kW/7kW.Ngā pū utu-wāhanga-toru 380Vko ngā iahiko whakatauranga he 16A/32A/63A, e rite ana ki ngā putanga mana o te 11kW/21kW/40kW.

Te paerewa ā-motu houPuranga utu hiko DCe whakamahi ana i te hoahoa "iwa-kōhao", e whakaaturia ana i te pikitia o tePū utu DCupoko. Ko ngā kōhao o runga o waenganui, CC1 me CC2, e whakamahia ana hei whakaū i te hononga hiko; ko S+ me S- ngā rārangi whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te papa-korerihi hikome te waka hiko. Ko ngā kōhao nui e rua, ko te DC+ me te DC-, e whakamahia ana mō te utu i te pākahiko, ā, he aho iahiko teitei; ka hono a A+ me A- ki te rihi hiko o waho, e whakarato ana i te hiko āwhina ngaohiko iti ki te waka hiko; ā, ko te kōhao waenga mō te hononga whenua.

Mō te mahi, ko teTeihana utu DCKo te ngaohiko whakatauranga ko 750V/1000V, ko te iahiko whakatauranga ko 80A/125A/200A/250A, ā, ka taea e te mana utu te eke ki te 480kW, ka whakakī anō i te haurua o te pākahiko o tētahi waka hiko hou i roto noa i ētahi tekau meneti.